Plasma lamp.

Plasma takes the form of neutral gas-like clouds as seen in a case of stars. Its like gas that does not have a definite shape or a definite volume unless kept in a container. Its also unlike gas as the influence of a magnetic field may form structures such as the filaments, beams and double layers.

Plasma was first known in a Crookes tube and was later described by Sir William Crookes in 1879 who named it 'radiant matter'. Irving Langmuir last dubbed it 'plasma' in 1928. People use the name plasma to describe this region containing balanced charges of ions and electrons.

Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is a form of dilute gas which is also a state of matter. Its even colder than a solid. It has weak interacting bosons restricted in an external potential and it can be cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero.

When this happens, the lowest quantum state of the external potential is occupied by a large fraction of bosons and it will cause all the wave functions to overlap each other, at which point quantum effects become visible on a macroscopic scale.

In 1924, Satyendra Nath Bose and Albert Einstein first predicted the "Bose-Einstein condensate," sometimes referred as the fifth state of matter.The Bose-Einstein remained an unverified theoretical prediction for many years as told in the gas phrase. Finally in 1995, Wolfgang Ketterle and his team of graduate students produceda condensate experimentally.

Over-all Reflections.

I didnt know that there's actually 4th and 5th state of matter, I thought there's only the three states of matter, solids, liquids and gases. After all the researches that I have found out about the 4th state of matter, Plasma, I then realised that there's actually plasma in lighting and some other natural resources out there. Plasma is good as it is a renewable source of energy but its temperature can be up to several thousands degrees celcius which is quite hard to get the energy. I have also thought that plasma is a type of liquid but after all this information that I have found, its actually a type of gas, and so do the Bose-Einstein condensate.

Its amazing that Bose-Einstein condensate is actually also a gas but a dilute one, and what's more amazing is that its temperature and so close to absolute zero. I have wondered why was it named, Bose-Einstein condensate, in the beginning I thought that its somehow related to Albert Einstein and its really related to him and also to Satyendra Nath Bose. Then now I think that it is named after Satyendra Nath Bose, the " Bose part " and Albert Einstein, the " Einstein part " but do not know about the condensate comes from where. I find that its so interesting to know that there's another 2 states of matter in science.

Done by Pamela.

Respiration is a chemical reaction that processes energy in a form usable by an organism, chiefly the process of producing ATP(adenosine tri-phosphate), the "universal energy currency of life."It employs an electron transport chain, with inorganic molecules other than oxygen used as a final electron acceptor.

Example:

• Glucose (Broken down to)→Energy (ATP) + Ethanol + Carbon dioxide (CO2)


• Glucose (Broken down to) →Energy (ATP) + Lactic acid
  

The process of anaerobic respiration is relatively less energy yielding as compared to the aerobic respiration process. During the alcoholic fermentation or the anaerobic respiration two molecules of ATP (energy) are produced, every molecule of glucose used in the reaction. Similarly for the lactate fermentation 2 molecules of ATP are produced for every molecule of glucose used. Thus anaerobic respiration breaks down one glucose molecule to obtain two units of the energy storing ATP molecules.

What are the uses of anaerobic respiration?

• In plants, yeasts, and bacteria, anaerobic respiration results in the production of alcohol and carbon dioxide, a process that is exploited by both the brewing and the baking industries.


• To survive in some habitats, such as the muddy bottom of a polluted river, an organism must be to a large extent independent of oxygen such habitats are said to be anoxic.


• During intense physical activity, muscles use anaerobic respiration, which produces lactic acid. Lactic acid buildup is the reason muscles become weak during exertion and sore afterwards.


• Anaerobic respiration is a less efficient way of cellular energy production, producing only two molecules of ATP to the 40 produced in aerobic respiration.

♥Thoughtz...

Pamela:

Wow! I did not know that organisms produce usable energy carriers without the involvement of oxygen with the process anaerobic respiration. After this research on anaerobic respiration, I had learnt a lot about it. Although it is a little bit complicated but it is also a interesting topic to research on.

Crystal:

I learnt that the uses of anerobic respiration helps us in our daily life. Anaerobic respiration uses less energy than anerobic respiration. But 1 question I not sure is that plants carried out both aerobic and anaerobic respiration at the same time? O.o

Tzu Hsuen:

The above diagram shows me the process of anaerobic respiration but it does not show me very clearly. So I got a little bit blur... I want to ask if the uses in anaerobic respiration is the same as aerobic respiration? =)

Plasma lamp.

Plasma takes the form of neutral gas-like clouds as seen in a case of stars. Its like gas that does not have a definite shape or a definite volume unless kept in a container. Its also unlike gas as the influence of a magnetic field may form structures such as the filaments, beams and double layers.

Plasma was first known in a Crookes tube and was later described by Sir William Crookes in 1879 who named it 'radiant matter'. Irving Langmuir last dubbed it 'plasma' in 1928. People use the name plasma to describe this region containing balanced charges of ions and electrons.

Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is a form of dilute gas which is also a state of matter. Its even colder than a solid. It has weak interacting bosons restricted in an external potential and it can be cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero.

When this happens, the lowest quantum state of the external potential is occupied by a large fraction of bosons and it will cause all the wave functions to overlap each other, at which point quantum effects become visible on a macroscopic scale.

In 1924, Satyendra Nath Bose and Albert Einstein first predicted the "Bose-Einstein condensate," sometimes referred as the fifth state of matter.The Bose-Einstein remained an unverified theoretical prediction for many years as told in the gas phrase. Finally in 1995, Wolfgang Ketterle and his team of graduate students produceda condensate experimentally.

Over-all Reflections.

I didnt know that there's actually 4th and 5th state of matter, I thought there's only the three states of matter, solids, liquids and gases. After all the researches that I have found out about the 4th state of matter, Plasma, I then realised that there's actually plasma in lighting and some other natural resources out there. Plasma is good as it is a renewable source of energy but its temperature can be up to several thousands degrees celcius which is quite hard to get the energy. I have also thought that plasma is a type of liquid but after all this information that I have found, its actually a type of gas, and so do the Bose-Einstein condensate.

Its amazing that Bose-Einstein condensate is actually also a gas but a dilute one, and what's more amazing is that its temperature and so close to absolute zero. I have wondered why was it named, Bose-Einstein condensate, in the beginning I thought that its somehow related to Albert Einstein and its really related to him and also to Satyendra Nath Bose. Then now I think that it is named after Satyendra Nath Bose, the " Bose part " and Albert Einstein, the " Einstein part " but do not know about the condensate comes from where. I find that its so interesting to know that there's another 2 states of matter in science.

Done by Pamela.

Respiration is a chemical reaction that processes energy in a form usable by an organism, chiefly the process of producing ATP(adenosine tri-phosphate), the "universal energy currency of life."It employs an electron transport chain, with inorganic molecules other than oxygen used as a final electron acceptor.

Example:

• Glucose (Broken down to)→Energy (ATP) + Ethanol + Carbon dioxide (CO2)


• Glucose (Broken down to) →Energy (ATP) + Lactic acid
  

The process of anaerobic respiration is relatively less energy yielding as compared to the aerobic respiration process. During the alcoholic fermentation or the anaerobic respiration two molecules of ATP (energy) are produced, every molecule of glucose used in the reaction. Similarly for the lactate fermentation 2 molecules of ATP are produced for every molecule of glucose used. Thus anaerobic respiration breaks down one glucose molecule to obtain two units of the energy storing ATP molecules.

What are the uses of anaerobic respiration?

• In plants, yeasts, and bacteria, anaerobic respiration results in the production of alcohol and carbon dioxide, a process that is exploited by both the brewing and the baking industries.


• To survive in some habitats, such as the muddy bottom of a polluted river, an organism must be to a large extent independent of oxygen such habitats are said to be anoxic.


• During intense physical activity, muscles use anaerobic respiration, which produces lactic acid. Lactic acid buildup is the reason muscles become weak during exertion and sore afterwards.


• Anaerobic respiration is a less efficient way of cellular energy production, producing only two molecules of ATP to the 40 produced in aerobic respiration.

♥Thoughtz...

Pamela:

Wow! I did not know that organisms produce usable energy carriers without the involvement of oxygen with the process anaerobic respiration. After this research on anaerobic respiration, I had learnt a lot about it. Although it is a little bit complicated but it is also a interesting topic to research on.

Crystal:

I learnt that the uses of anerobic respiration helps us in our daily life. Anaerobic respiration uses less energy than anerobic respiration. But 1 question I not sure is that plants carried out both aerobic and anaerobic respiration at the same time? O.o

Tzu Hsuen:

The above diagram shows me the process of anaerobic respiration but it does not show me very clearly. So I got a little bit blur... I want to ask if the uses in anaerobic respiration is the same as aerobic respiration? =)