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Name's Crystal, Alicia, Pamela, Tzu Hsuen. We are thirteen tis yr. Studying in Holy Innocent High Sch. SCIENCE rawks!

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Isotope
Written at Thursday, October 1, 2009 | back to top

Isotopes are different kinds of atoms of the same chemical element. Each element has a different atomic mass (mass number).Isotopes have nuclei with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons. So isotopes with the same element have mass numbers.

For examples:
Carbon-12, carbon-13 and carbon-14 are isotopes of the element carbon with mass numbers 12, 13 and 14.

Carbon has 6 atomic number so each of its isotopes has 6 protons. The neutron numbers in these isotopes are therefore 12-6 = 6, 13-6 = 7, and 14-6 = 8 respectively.
A nuclide is the class of atomic nuclei with a specified number of protons and neutrons. Collectively, all the isotopes of all the elements plus the neutron form the set of nuclides. Isotope emphasizes that two or more nuclides have the same proton number and therefore are of the same chemical element.

Example: the element carbon has several isotopes (carbon-12, carbon-13 and carbon-14).

Chemical properties are changed little by a change in the number of neutrons. Nuclide
emphasizes nuclear properties, which can change drastically with change in either number of protons, number of neutrons, or excitation state. Since isotope is the older term, it is better known, and the word is still sometimes used even in nuclear technology and where nuclide would be more proper.

An isotope or nuclide is specified by the name of the particular element, implicitly giving the atomic number, followed by a hyphen and the mass number . In symbolic form, the number of nucleons is denoted as a superscripted prefix to the chemical symbol. About 339 nuclides occur naturally on Earth, of which 256 are average.

♥Thoughtz!

Pamela: I did not know that elements have isotope in it. Its quite difficult to understand what it meant by element with isotope in it. I also did not know that chemical properties are actually changed little by the change in the number of neutrons. At the beginning I have been wondering what it isotope, now I knew what it is already.

Crystal: LOL! I don't understand at all. It is so confusing and difficult to understand the concept. Isotope is a proton? I think I have to check from the internet to learn more and books from the library...