Plasma lamp.

Plasma takes the form of neutral gas-like clouds as seen in a case of stars. Its like gas that does not have a definite shape or a definite volume unless kept in a container. Its also unlike gas as the influence of a magnetic field may form structures such as the filaments, beams and double layers.

Plasma was first known in a Crookes tube and was later described by Sir William Crookes in 1879 who named it 'radiant matter'. Irving Langmuir last dubbed it 'plasma' in 1928. People use the name plasma to describe this region containing balanced charges of ions and electrons.

Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is a form of dilute gas which is also a state of matter. Its even colder than a solid. It has weak interacting bosons restricted in an external potential and it can be cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero.

When this happens, the lowest quantum state of the external potential is occupied by a large fraction of bosons and it will cause all the wave functions to overlap each other, at which point quantum effects become visible on a macroscopic scale.

In 1924, Satyendra Nath Bose and Albert Einstein first predicted the "Bose-Einstein condensate," sometimes referred as the fifth state of matter.The Bose-Einstein remained an unverified theoretical prediction for many years as told in the gas phrase. Finally in 1995, Wolfgang Ketterle and his team of graduate students produceda condensate experimentally.

Over-all Reflections.

I didnt know that there's actually 4th and 5th state of matter, I thought there's only the three states of matter, solids, liquids and gases. After all the researches that I have found out about the 4th state of matter, Plasma, I then realised that there's actually plasma in lighting and some other natural resources out there. Plasma is good as it is a renewable source of energy but its temperature can be up to several thousands degrees celcius which is quite hard to get the energy. I have also thought that plasma is a type of liquid but after all this information that I have found, its actually a type of gas, and so do the Bose-Einstein condensate.

Its amazing that Bose-Einstein condensate is actually also a gas but a dilute one, and what's more amazing is that its temperature and so close to absolute zero. I have wondered why was it named, Bose-Einstein condensate, in the beginning I thought that its somehow related to Albert Einstein and its really related to him and also to Satyendra Nath Bose. Then now I think that it is named after Satyendra Nath Bose, the " Bose part " and Albert Einstein, the " Einstein part " but do not know about the condensate comes from where. I find that its so interesting to know that there's another 2 states of matter in science.

Done by Pamela.

Plasma lamp.

Plasma takes the form of neutral gas-like clouds as seen in a case of stars. Its like gas that does not have a definite shape or a definite volume unless kept in a container. Its also unlike gas as the influence of a magnetic field may form structures such as the filaments, beams and double layers.

Plasma was first known in a Crookes tube and was later described by Sir William Crookes in 1879 who named it 'radiant matter'. Irving Langmuir last dubbed it 'plasma' in 1928. People use the name plasma to describe this region containing balanced charges of ions and electrons.

Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is a form of dilute gas which is also a state of matter. Its even colder than a solid. It has weak interacting bosons restricted in an external potential and it can be cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero.

When this happens, the lowest quantum state of the external potential is occupied by a large fraction of bosons and it will cause all the wave functions to overlap each other, at which point quantum effects become visible on a macroscopic scale.

In 1924, Satyendra Nath Bose and Albert Einstein first predicted the "Bose-Einstein condensate," sometimes referred as the fifth state of matter.The Bose-Einstein remained an unverified theoretical prediction for many years as told in the gas phrase. Finally in 1995, Wolfgang Ketterle and his team of graduate students produceda condensate experimentally.

Over-all Reflections.

I didnt know that there's actually 4th and 5th state of matter, I thought there's only the three states of matter, solids, liquids and gases. After all the researches that I have found out about the 4th state of matter, Plasma, I then realised that there's actually plasma in lighting and some other natural resources out there. Plasma is good as it is a renewable source of energy but its temperature can be up to several thousands degrees celcius which is quite hard to get the energy. I have also thought that plasma is a type of liquid but after all this information that I have found, its actually a type of gas, and so do the Bose-Einstein condensate.

Its amazing that Bose-Einstein condensate is actually also a gas but a dilute one, and what's more amazing is that its temperature and so close to absolute zero. I have wondered why was it named, Bose-Einstein condensate, in the beginning I thought that its somehow related to Albert Einstein and its really related to him and also to Satyendra Nath Bose. Then now I think that it is named after Satyendra Nath Bose, the " Bose part " and Albert Einstein, the " Einstein part " but do not know about the condensate comes from where. I find that its so interesting to know that there's another 2 states of matter in science.

Done by Pamela.